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= Fundamental Objects of Civilization and Material Dependencies =
* '''[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shelter Shelter]''' : g1[[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Particle Particle], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motion Motion], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fundamental_interaction Fundamental interaction], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science Science]]
* '''Structured elementary particles''' : g1
* '''[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clothes Clothes]''' : g1
* '''[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toilet Toilet]''' : g1
* '''[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cleaner Cleaner]''' : g1
* '''[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transportation Transportation]''' : g1
* '''[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Defense Defense]''' : g1
* '''[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help Help]''' : g1
* '''[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transducer Information transducer]''' : g1
* '''[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Information_processing Information processing]''' : g1
* '''[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_storage Information storer]''' (like disks, like books) : g1
* '''[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Search_engine Information seeker]''' : g1
* '''[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transmitter Information transmitter]''' : g1
* '''[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stimulants Stimulants]''' (like structured elementary particles, like love, like entertainment...) : g1
* '''[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Particle Particle]'''
* '''[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leisure Leisure]''' : g1
* '''[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Training Training]''' : g1
* '''[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cutlery Cutlery]''' : g1
* '''[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mattress Mattress]''' : g1
* '''[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Table_(furniture) Table (furniture)]''' : g1
* '''[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chair Chair]''' : g1
<br>
Legend


== Introduction ==
AU = Abundant / Universal elements
This article presents a structured view of the fundamental objects required for a modern civilization, their material dependencies, and the scientific and technological foundations that make them possible. 
(CHON + Si, Al, Fe, Ca, Mg, Na, K + S, P, Cl + Cu, Zn)
It connects everyday needs (shelter, hygiene, transport, tools), information systems (processing, storage, transmission), material constraints (abundant vs rare elements), and indispensable scientific discoveries.


---
RS = Rare / Strategic elements
 
(Cr, Ni, Ti, Mn, B, F, Li + Nd/Pr/Dy, Co, W, Ag, Au, Ga, As…)
== 1. Fundamental Objects of Civilization (g1) ==
 
=== 1.1 Physical and Material Needs ===
* '''[[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shelter|Shelter]]'''
* '''Structured elementary particles'''
* '''[[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clothes|Clothes]]'''
* '''[[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toilet|Toilet]]'''
* '''[[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cleaner|Cleaner]]'''
* '''[[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transportation|Transportation]]'''
* '''[[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Defense|Defense]]'''
* '''[[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help|Help]]'''
* '''[[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cutlery|Cutlery]]'''
* '''[[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mattress|Mattress]]'''
* '''[[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Table_(furniture)|Table (furniture)]]'''
* '''[[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chair|Chair]]'''
 
=== 1.2 Leisure and Formation ===
* '''[[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leisure|Leisure]]'''
* '''[[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Training|Training]]'''
* '''[[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stimulants|Stimulants]]'''
 
---
 
== 2. Information Chain (functional objects) ==
 
=== 2.1 Information Transformation ===
* '''[[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transducer|Information transducer]]'''
* '''[[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Information_processing|Information processing]]'''
 
=== 2.2 Storage, Search, and Transmission ===
* '''[[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_storage|Data storage]]'''
* '''[[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Search_engine|Information seeker]]'''
* '''[[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transmitter|Information transmitter]]'''
 
---
 
== 3. Material Dependencies: AU vs RS ==
 
=== 3.1 Legend ===
* '''AU''' = Abundant / Universal elements 
  (CHON + Si, Al, Fe, Ca, Mg, Na, K + S, P, Cl + Cu, Zn)
* '''RS''' = Rare / Strategic elements
  (Cr, Ni, Ti, Mn, B, F, Li + Nd/Pr/Dy, Co, W, Ag, Au, Ga, As…)
* Score: 0–5 (5 = critical, 0 = negligible)
 
---
 
=== 3.2 Dependency Table by Object (g1) ===


Score: 0–5 (5 = critical, 0 = negligible)
<br>
{| class="wikitable sortable"
{| class="wikitable sortable"
! Item (g1)
! Item (g1)
! AU (elements + score)
! AU (elements + score)
! RS (elements + score)
! RS (elements + score)
! Notes
! Notes (one line)
|-
|-
| Shelter
| Shelter
| Si,O,Al,Ca,Fe,Mg,C,H (5)
| Si,O,Al,Ca,Fe,Mg,C,H (5)
| Cr,Ni,Ti,B (3)
| Cr,Ni,Ti,B (3)
| Concrete, glass, ceramics, steel; alloys if available
| Concrete/glass/ceramics + steel; alloys if available
|-
|-
| Structured elementary particles
| Structured elementary particles (material structures)
| C,H,O,N,Si,Fe,Al (5)
| C,H,O,N,Si,Fe,Al (5)
| Ti,Cr,Ni,B (2)
| Ti,Cr,Ni,B (2)
| Robust material structures without high technology
| Robust structures without high tech
|-
|-
| Clothes
| Clothes
| C,H,O,N,S (5)
| C,H,O,N,S (5)
| F,Ti (2)
| F,Ti (2)
| Fibers and treatments; F for membranes
| Fibers + treatments; F for high-performance membranes
|-
|-
| Toilet
| Toilet
| Si,O,Al,Ca,Fe,C,H (5)
| Si,O,Al,Ca,Fe,C,H (5)
| Cr,Ni,Cu (3)
| Cr,Ni,Cu (3)
| Ceramics and plumbing; stainless steel preferred
| Ceramics + plumbing; stainless steel preferred
|-
|-
| Cleaner
| Cleaner
| H,O,Na,Cl,C,S (5)
| H,O,Na,Cl,C,S (5)
| F,P (2)
| F,P (2)
| Bases, salts, solvents; P for advanced detergents
| Bases/salts/solvents; P for advanced detergents
|-
|-
| Transportation
| Transportation
| Fe,Al,Si,C,O,Cu (5)
| Fe,Al,Si,C,O,Cu (5)
| Ni,Cr,Ti,Mn,Li (4)
| Ni,Cr,Ti,Mn,Li (4)
| Alloys, wiring; Li for electric systems
| Alloys + wiring; Li for electric systems
|-
|-
| Defense
| Defense
| Fe,C,Al,Si (4)
| Fe,C,Al,Si (4)
| Ti,Cr,Ni,W (4)
| Ti,Cr,Ni,W (4)
| W for high density
| W useful for high density (rare)
|-
|-
| Help
| Help (tools/basic care)
| Fe,C,H,O,N,Ca,Na,Cl (5)
| Fe,C,H,O,N,Ca,Na,Cl (5)
| Cu,Zn,Ag (2)
| Cu,Zn,Ag (2)
| Hygiene and basic tools
| Hygiene + tools; Ag optional antimicrobial
|-
|-
| Information transducer
| Information transducer
| Si,O,Al,Fe,C,Cu (4)
| Si,O,Al,Fe,C,Cu (4)
| B,Ga (4)
| B,Ga (4)
| Sensors and actuators need dopants
| Sensors/actuators need dopants/semiconductors
|-
|-
| Information processing
| Information processing
| Si,O,Al,C,Cu (4)
| Si,O,Al,C,Cu (4)
| B,P,As,Ga (5)
| B,P,As,Ga (5)
| Computing depends on doping and fine processes
| Modern computing = doping + fine processes
|-
|-
| Data storage
| Data storage (disks/books)
| C,H,O (paper), Fe (magnetic), Si,O (glass) (4)
| C,H,O (paper), Fe (magnetic), Si,O (glass) (4)
| Co,Ni,Nd (4)
| Co,Ni,Nd (4)
| High-end storage requires Co/Ni and magnets
| High-end magnetic storage needs Co/Ni + Nd magnets
|-
|-
| Information seeker
| Information seeker (search engine)
| Si,Al,Cu,C (4)
| Si,Al,Cu,C (4)
| Li,Ni,Co,Nd (4)
| Li,Ni,Co,Nd (4)
| Compute, energy, interconnects
| Compute + energy + interconnects
|-
|-
| Information transmitter
| Information transmitter
| Cu,Al,Si,O (5)
| Cu,Al,Si,O (5)
| Ag,Au (2)
| Ag,Au (2)
| Copper/aluminum + fiber sufficient
| Cu/Al + SiO2 fiber sufficient; nobles for reliability
|-
|-
| Stimulants
| Stimulants (broad sense)
| C,H,O,N,S,P (5)
| C,H,O,N,S,P (5)
| — (0)
| — (0)
| Organic chemistry and nutrition
| Organic chemistry + nutrition; rares add little
|-
|-
| Leisure
| Leisure
| C,H,O,N,Si,Fe,Al (4)
| C,H,O,N,Si,Fe,Al (4)
| Cu,Li,Nd (2)
| Cu,Li,Nd (2)
| Electronics optional
| Simple materials; electronics optional
|-
|-
| Training
| Training
| C,H,O,N,Si (4)
| C,H,O,N,Si (4)
| Cu,Li (2)
| Cu,Li (2)
| Media and tools
| Media + tools; electronics optional
|-
|-
| Cutlery
| Cutlery
| Fe,C (5)
| Fe,C (5)
| Cr,Ni (4)
| Cr,Ni (4)
| Stainless steel upgrade
| Stainless steel is a major practical upgrade
|-
|-
| Mattress
| Mattress
| C,H,O,N (5)
| C,H,O,N (5)
| Si (1)
| Si (1)
| Foams, latex, fibers
| Foams/latex/fibers; silicones optional
|-
|-
| Table (furniture)
| Table (furniture)
| C,H,O or Fe/Al or Si,O (glass) (5)
| C,H,O (wood/polymers) or Fe/Al or Si,O (glass) (5)
| Cr,Ni,Ti (1)
| Cr,Ni,Ti (1)
| Easily built with abundant elements
| Easily built with abundant elements
Line 160: Line 135:
| C,H,O or Fe/Al (5)
| C,H,O or Fe/Al (5)
| Ti,Cr (1)
| Ti,Cr (1)
| Abundant elements sufficient
| Same: abundants are sufficient
|}
|}


---


== 4. Rare / Strategic Elements (RS) and Sourcing ==
=== Rare/Strategic elements (RS) – where to source (countries) ===


=== 4.1 Main RS Elements and Producing Countries ===
;Legend
* AU = Abundant/Universal (easy)
* RS = Rare/Strategic (hard / concentrated supply)


{| class="wikitable sortable"
{| class="wikitable sortable"
! RS element
! RS element
! Main use
! Main use (why you care)
! Main sourcing countries
! Main sourcing countries (today)
|-
|-
| Cr (Chromium)
| Cr (Chromium)
| Stainless steel, corrosion resistance
| Stainless / corrosion resistance
| South Africa; Kazakhstan; India; Turkey
| South Africa (dominant); Kazakhstan, India, Turkey (notable)
|-
|-
| Ni (Nickel)
| Ni (Nickel)
| Stainless steel, batteries
| Stainless + batteries
| Indonesia; Philippines; Russia; Canada; Australia; New Caledonia; Brazil
| Indonesia (dominant); Philippines, Russia, Canada, Australia, New Caledonia, Brazil
|-
|-
| Ti (Titanium)
| Ti (Titanium minerals: ilmenite/rutile)
| Light and strong alloys
| Light strong alloys, durable structures
| China; Mozambique; South Africa; Australia; Canada; India
| China; Mozambique; South Africa; Australia; Canada; India
|-
|-
| Mn (Manganese)
| Mn (Manganese)
| Steelmaking, batteries
| Steelmaking + some battery chemistries
| South Africa; Gabon; Australia; China; India
| South Africa (largest); Gabon; Australia; China; India
|-
|-
| B (Boron)
| B (Boron)
| Glass and steel modifier
| Glass/ceramics; steel/glass modifiers
| Turkey; USA; Argentina; Chile; Russia; China
| Turkey (very large); USA; Argentina; Chile; Russia; China
|-
|-
| F (Fluorspar)
| F (Fluorspar → fluorochemicals)
| Fluorochemicals, batteries
| HF/fluoropolymers; batteries; refrigerants
| China; Mexico; Mongolia; South Africa; Vietnam
| China (largest); Mexico; Mongolia; South Africa; Vietnam
|-
|-
| Li (Lithium)
| Li (Lithium)
| Batteries, energy storage
| Batteries / energy storage
| Australia; Chile; Argentina; China; Zimbabwe; Canada; Brazil
| Australia; Chile; Argentina; China; Zimbabwe; Canada; Brazil
|-
|-
| Co (Cobalt)
| Co (Cobalt)
| Batteries, alloys
| Batteries / high-performance alloys
| DR Congo; Indonesia; Russia; Australia; Philippines; Cuba
| DR Congo (mining dominant); Indonesia (growing); Russia, Australia, Philippines, Cuba (notable); refining largely China
|-
|-
| W (Tungsten)
| W (Tungsten)
| Hardness, density
| High density + hardness (tools/defense)
| China; Vietnam; Russia; Rwanda; Spain; Austria; Bolivia; Portugal
| China (dominant); Vietnam; Russia; Rwanda; Spain; Austria; Bolivia; Portugal
|-
|-
| Ga (Gallium)
| Ga (Gallium)
| RF and power electronics
| RF/power electronics (hard bottleneck)
| China; Japan; South Korea; Russia
| China (overwhelming); Japan, South Korea, Russia (secondary)
|-
|-
| Nd/Pr/Dy
| Nd/Pr/Dy (Rare earths for magnets)
| Permanent magnets
| Motors/actuators/sensors; “high torque density”
| China; Australia; USA; Myanmar
| China (largest); Australia; USA; Myanmar (notable); processing often China-centric
|}
|}


---
=== Minimal RS subsets (pick what you build) ===


== 5. Minimal RS Subsets by Civilization Type ==
;RS for “durable everyday civilization” (shelter + toilet + tools + transport)
* Cr + Ni (stainless)
* Ti (light/strong)
* Mn (steel)
* B (glass/steel modifier)


* '''Durable everyday civilization''' 
;RS for “electronics-heavy” (processing + transducer + transmitter + seeker)
  Cr, Ni, Ti, Mn, B
* Ga (critical)
* Nd/Pr/Dy (magnets)
* Li (batteries)
* Co (some chemistries)
* (plus Cu from AU for wiring)


* '''Electronics-heavy civilization''' 
;RS for “extreme density/hardness”
  Ga, Nd/Pr/Dy, Li, Co, Cu
* W


* '''Extreme density and hardness''' 
  W
---
== 6. Examples of Global Information Infrastructure ==
=== 6.1 Most Visited Websites (functional classification) ===


==TOP WEBSITES (CATEGORY AWARE)==
# https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_most-visited_websites
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Website !! Type
! Website !! Type
Line 243: Line 221:
| [https://www.google.com Google] || Search engine
| [https://www.google.com Google] || Search engine
|-
|-
| [https://www.youtube.com YouTube] || Video sharing
| [https://www.youtube.com YouTube] || Video sharing service
|-
|-
| [https://www.facebook.com Facebook] || Social media
| [https://www.facebook.com Facebook] || Social media
Line 249: Line 227:
| [https://www.chatgpt.com ChatGPT] || Chatbot
| [https://www.chatgpt.com ChatGPT] || Chatbot
|-
|-
| [https://www.whatsapp.com WhatsApp] || Instant messaging
| [https://www.whatsapp.com WhatsApp] || Instant messenger
|-
|-
| [https://www.wikipedia.org Wikipedia] || Encyclopedia
| [https://www.wikipedia.org Wikipedia] || Encyclopedia
Line 257: Line 235:
| [https://www.amazon.com Amazon] || Marketplace
| [https://www.amazon.com Amazon] || Marketplace
|-
|-
| [https://bet.br BET.br] || Gambling
| [https://bet.br BET.br] || Online gambling
|-
|-
| [https://www.office.com Microsoft 365] || Software
| [https://www.office.com Microsoft 365] || Software
|-
|-
| [https://www.netflix.com Netflix] || Streaming
| [https://www.netflix.com Netflix] || Streaming service
|-
|-
| [https://www.pornhub.com Pornhub] || Adult content
| [https://www.pornhub.com Pornhub] || Pornography
|-
|-
| [https://www.live.com Live] || Email
| [https://www.live.com Live] || Email
|-
|-
| [https://www.twitch.tv Twitch] || Livestreaming
| [https://www.twitch.tv Twitch] || Livestreaming service
|-
|-
| [https://www.samsung.com Samsung] || Consumer electronics
| [https://www.samsung.com Samsung] || Consumer electronics
Line 273: Line 251:
| [https://www.weather.com Weather] || Weather
| [https://www.weather.com Weather] || Weather
|-
|-
| [https://www.fandom.com Fandom] || Wiki hosting
| [https://www.fandom.com Fandom] || Wiki hosting service
|-
|-
| [https://www.stripchat.com Stripchat] || Adult camming
| [https://www.stripchat.com Stripchat] || Adult camming
|-
|-
| [https://www.zoom.com Zoom] || Videoconferencing
| [https://www.zoom.com Zoom Communications] || Computers Electronics and Technology - Other
|-
|-
| [https://www.nytimes.com New York Times] || News media
| [https://www.nytimes.com The New York Times] || News & Media Publishers
|-
|-
| [https://www.espn.com ESPN] || Sports
| [https://www.espn.com ESPN] || Sports
|-
|-
| [https://www.roblox.com Roblox] || Gaming platform
| [https://www.roblox.com Roblox] || Gaming and game development platform
|}
|}


---
== Open Source trend ==
 
* [https://github.com/Stability-AI/StableCascade StableCascade] : Image generative
== 7. Open Source Trend (examples) ==
* [https://github.com/Stability-AI/StableCascade StableCascade] — image generation model


---


== 8. Scientific Discoveries Still Indispensable Today (Post-1700) ==
== Scientific discoveries (after 1700) still indispensable today ==
Chronological list of scientific discoveries and breakthroughs made after 1700 that are still directly used in modern civilization (energy, health, industry, digital technologies, agriculture, communications).


=== 18th century ===
=== 18th century ===
* 1712–1781 — Steam engine
* '''1712–1781''' – '''Steam engine''' : foundation of thermal engines, turbines, and energy engineering.
* 1796 — Vaccination
* '''1796''' – '''Vaccination''' : large-scale prevention of infectious diseases.
* Late 18th century — Modern chemistry
* '''Late 18th century''' – '''Modern chemistry''' (conservation of matter, chemical nomenclature) : chemical industry, materials, analytical science.


=== 19th century ===
=== 19th century ===
* 1800 — Electric battery
* '''1800''' – '''Electric battery''' : batteries, electrochemistry, energy storage.
* 1824–1870 — Thermodynamics
* '''1824–1870''' – '''Thermodynamics''' : engines, power plants, refrigeration, energy efficiency.
* 1831–1860 — Electromagnetism
* '''1831–1860''' – '''Electromagnetism''' : electricity generation and distribution, telecommunications.
* 1846–1847 — Modern anesthesia
* '''1846–1847''' – '''Modern anesthesia''' : safe and scalable surgery.
* 1850–1880 — Germ theory and asepsis
* '''1850–1880''' – '''Germ theory + asepsis''' : hygiene, drinking water, modern hospitals.
* 1865 — Genetics
* '''1865''' – '''Genetics''' : heredity, selection, biotechnology.
* 1869 — Periodic table
* '''1869''' – '''Periodic table of elements''' : chemistry, materials, pharmaceuticals.
* 1895 — X-rays
* '''1895''' – '''X-rays''' : non-invasive medical imaging.
* 1897 — Electron
* '''1897''' – '''Discovery of the electron''' : foundation of electronics.
 
=== First half of the 20th century ===
* '''1900–1930''' – '''Quantum mechanics''' : semiconductors, lasers, sensors, modern chemistry.
* '''1905–1915''' – '''Relativity''' : precise time synchronization (GPS, networks).
* '''1909–1913''' – '''Haber–Bosch process''' : nitrogen fertilizers, global intensive agriculture.
* '''1928''' – '''Antibiotics''' : treatment of bacterial infections.
* '''1947''' – '''Transistor''' : basis of modern electronics and computing.
* '''1948''' – '''Information theory''' : compression, error correction, digital communications.


=== 20th century ===
=== Second half of the 20th century ===
* 1900–1930 — Quantum mechanics
* '''1953''' – '''Structure of DNA''' : molecular biology, modern medicine.
* 1905–1915 — Relativity
* '''1958–1959''' – '''Integrated circuit''' : miniaturization, mass computing.
* 1909–1913 — Haber–Bosch process
* '''1960''' – '''Laser''' : fiber optics, industry, medicine, metrology.
* 1928 — Antibiotics
* '''1960s–1980s''' – '''Packet-switched networks → Internet''' : global communication.
* 1947 — Transistor
* '''1970s''' – '''Modern cryptography''' : secure digital communications.
* 1948 — Information theory
* '''1983''' – '''PCR (DNA amplification)''' : diagnostics, biotechnology, forensics.
* 1953 — DNA structure
* 1958–1959 — Integrated circuit
* 1960 — Laser
* 1960s–1980s — Internet
* 1970s — Modern cryptography
* 1983 — PCR


=== 21st century ===
=== 21st century ===
* 2012 — CRISPR
* '''2012''' – '''CRISPR''' : targeted gene editing.
* 2010s — Deep learning
* '''2010s''' – '''Deep learning''' : vision, translation, optimization, digital assistants.
 
=== Note ===
This list includes only discoveries that are '''still indispensable today''' — removing any of them would cause immediate collapse of major sectors (energy, health, food, digital systems, communications, industry).


---


== 9. Notes and Limits ==
ynotopec at gmail.com (mail me)
* Refining is often more critical than extraction
* Some RS elements can be substituted at performance cost
* Recycling partially reduces RS dependency but does not eliminate it

Revision as of 17:16, 31 January 2026


Legend

AU = Abundant / Universal elements (CHON + Si, Al, Fe, Ca, Mg, Na, K + S, P, Cl + Cu, Zn)

RS = Rare / Strategic elements (Cr, Ni, Ti, Mn, B, F, Li + Nd/Pr/Dy, Co, W, Ag, Au, Ga, As…)

Score: 0–5 (5 = critical, 0 = negligible)

Item (g1) AU (elements + score) RS (elements + score) Notes (one line)
Shelter Si,O,Al,Ca,Fe,Mg,C,H (5) Cr,Ni,Ti,B (3) Concrete/glass/ceramics + steel; alloys if available
Structured elementary particles (material structures) C,H,O,N,Si,Fe,Al (5) Ti,Cr,Ni,B (2) Robust structures without high tech
Clothes C,H,O,N,S (5) F,Ti (2) Fibers + treatments; F for high-performance membranes
Toilet Si,O,Al,Ca,Fe,C,H (5) Cr,Ni,Cu (3) Ceramics + plumbing; stainless steel preferred
Cleaner H,O,Na,Cl,C,S (5) F,P (2) Bases/salts/solvents; P for advanced detergents
Transportation Fe,Al,Si,C,O,Cu (5) Ni,Cr,Ti,Mn,Li (4) Alloys + wiring; Li for electric systems
Defense Fe,C,Al,Si (4) Ti,Cr,Ni,W (4) W useful for high density (rare)
Help (tools/basic care) Fe,C,H,O,N,Ca,Na,Cl (5) Cu,Zn,Ag (2) Hygiene + tools; Ag optional antimicrobial
Information transducer Si,O,Al,Fe,C,Cu (4) B,Ga (4) Sensors/actuators need dopants/semiconductors
Information processing Si,O,Al,C,Cu (4) B,P,As,Ga (5) Modern computing = doping + fine processes
Data storage (disks/books) C,H,O (paper), Fe (magnetic), Si,O (glass) (4) Co,Ni,Nd (4) High-end magnetic storage needs Co/Ni + Nd magnets
Information seeker (search engine) Si,Al,Cu,C (4) Li,Ni,Co,Nd (4) Compute + energy + interconnects
Information transmitter Cu,Al,Si,O (5) Ag,Au (2) Cu/Al + SiO2 fiber sufficient; nobles for reliability
Stimulants (broad sense) C,H,O,N,S,P (5) — (0) Organic chemistry + nutrition; rares add little
Leisure C,H,O,N,Si,Fe,Al (4) Cu,Li,Nd (2) Simple materials; electronics optional
Training C,H,O,N,Si (4) Cu,Li (2) Media + tools; electronics optional
Cutlery Fe,C (5) Cr,Ni (4) Stainless steel is a major practical upgrade
Mattress C,H,O,N (5) Si (1) Foams/latex/fibers; silicones optional
Table (furniture) C,H,O (wood/polymers) or Fe/Al or Si,O (glass) (5) Cr,Ni,Ti (1) Easily built with abundant elements
Chair C,H,O or Fe/Al (5) Ti,Cr (1) Same: abundants are sufficient


Rare/Strategic elements (RS) – where to source (countries)

Legend
  • AU = Abundant/Universal (easy)
  • RS = Rare/Strategic (hard / concentrated supply)
RS element Main use (why you care) Main sourcing countries (today)
Cr (Chromium) Stainless / corrosion resistance South Africa (dominant); Kazakhstan, India, Turkey (notable)
Ni (Nickel) Stainless + batteries Indonesia (dominant); Philippines, Russia, Canada, Australia, New Caledonia, Brazil
Ti (Titanium minerals: ilmenite/rutile) Light strong alloys, durable structures China; Mozambique; South Africa; Australia; Canada; India
Mn (Manganese) Steelmaking + some battery chemistries South Africa (largest); Gabon; Australia; China; India
B (Boron) Glass/ceramics; steel/glass modifiers Turkey (very large); USA; Argentina; Chile; Russia; China
F (Fluorspar → fluorochemicals) HF/fluoropolymers; batteries; refrigerants China (largest); Mexico; Mongolia; South Africa; Vietnam
Li (Lithium) Batteries / energy storage Australia; Chile; Argentina; China; Zimbabwe; Canada; Brazil
Co (Cobalt) Batteries / high-performance alloys DR Congo (mining dominant); Indonesia (growing); Russia, Australia, Philippines, Cuba (notable); refining largely China
W (Tungsten) High density + hardness (tools/defense) China (dominant); Vietnam; Russia; Rwanda; Spain; Austria; Bolivia; Portugal
Ga (Gallium) RF/power electronics (hard bottleneck) China (overwhelming); Japan, South Korea, Russia (secondary)
Nd/Pr/Dy (Rare earths for magnets) Motors/actuators/sensors; “high torque density” China (largest); Australia; USA; Myanmar (notable); processing often China-centric

Minimal RS subsets (pick what you build)

RS for “durable everyday civilization” (shelter + toilet + tools + transport)
  • Cr + Ni (stainless)
  • Ti (light/strong)
  • Mn (steel)
  • B (glass/steel modifier)
RS for “electronics-heavy” (processing + transducer + transmitter + seeker)
  • Ga (critical)
  • Nd/Pr/Dy (magnets)
  • Li (batteries)
  • Co (some chemistries)
  • (plus Cu from AU for wiring)
RS for “extreme density/hardness”
  • W


TOP WEBSITES (CATEGORY AWARE)

# https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_most-visited_websites
Website Type
Google Search engine
YouTube Video sharing service
Facebook Social media
ChatGPT Chatbot
WhatsApp Instant messenger
Wikipedia Encyclopedia
Yahoo! Japan News
Amazon Marketplace
BET.br Online gambling
Microsoft 365 Software
Netflix Streaming service
Pornhub Pornography
Live Email
Twitch Livestreaming service
Samsung Consumer electronics
Weather Weather
Fandom Wiki hosting service
Stripchat Adult camming
Zoom Communications Computers Electronics and Technology - Other
The New York Times News & Media Publishers
ESPN Sports
Roblox Gaming and game development platform

Open Source trend


Scientific discoveries (after 1700) still indispensable today

Chronological list of scientific discoveries and breakthroughs made after 1700 that are still directly used in modern civilization (energy, health, industry, digital technologies, agriculture, communications).

18th century

  • 1712–1781 – Steam engine : foundation of thermal engines, turbines, and energy engineering.
  • 1796 – Vaccination : large-scale prevention of infectious diseases.
  • Late 18th century – Modern chemistry (conservation of matter, chemical nomenclature) : chemical industry, materials, analytical science.

19th century

  • 1800 – Electric battery : batteries, electrochemistry, energy storage.
  • 1824–1870 – Thermodynamics : engines, power plants, refrigeration, energy efficiency.
  • 1831–1860 – Electromagnetism : electricity generation and distribution, telecommunications.
  • 1846–1847 – Modern anesthesia : safe and scalable surgery.
  • 1850–1880 – Germ theory + asepsis : hygiene, drinking water, modern hospitals.
  • 1865 – Genetics : heredity, selection, biotechnology.
  • 1869 – Periodic table of elements : chemistry, materials, pharmaceuticals.
  • 1895 – X-rays : non-invasive medical imaging.
  • 1897 – Discovery of the electron : foundation of electronics.

First half of the 20th century

  • 1900–1930 – Quantum mechanics : semiconductors, lasers, sensors, modern chemistry.
  • 1905–1915 – Relativity : precise time synchronization (GPS, networks).
  • 1909–1913 – Haber–Bosch process : nitrogen fertilizers, global intensive agriculture.
  • 1928 – Antibiotics : treatment of bacterial infections.
  • 1947 – Transistor : basis of modern electronics and computing.
  • 1948 – Information theory : compression, error correction, digital communications.

Second half of the 20th century

  • 1953 – Structure of DNA : molecular biology, modern medicine.
  • 1958–1959 – Integrated circuit : miniaturization, mass computing.
  • 1960 – Laser : fiber optics, industry, medicine, metrology.
  • 1960s–1980s – Packet-switched networks → Internet : global communication.
  • 1970s – Modern cryptography : secure digital communications.
  • 1983 – PCR (DNA amplification) : diagnostics, biotechnology, forensics.

21st century

  • 2012 – CRISPR : targeted gene editing.
  • 2010s – Deep learning : vision, translation, optimization, digital assistants.

Note

This list includes only discoveries that are still indispensable today — removing any of them would cause immediate collapse of major sectors (energy, health, food, digital systems, communications, industry).


ynotopec at gmail.com (mail me)

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